Link Between "Good" Cholesterol and Increased Hear

Akvarista Registrovan: 13 Okt 2024 Poruke: 109

Researchers at Houston Methodist have uncovered a surprising connection between components of "good" cholesterol—high-density lipoproteins (HDL)—and a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease.

The study, led by Dr. Henry J. Pownall, professor of biochemistry in medicine, and Dr. Khurram Nasir, cardiologist and division chief of cardiovascular prevention and wellness, is exploring the role of HDL properties in heart health. Their findings challenge previous beliefs about the relationship between cholesterol types and heart disease.

"During routine checkups, adults typically get their cholesterol levels tested, which includes both 'bad' (LDL) and 'good' (HDL) cholesterol," said Dr. Pownall, the corresponding author of the study published in Journal of Lipid Research. "However, not all cholesterol is the same. Cholesterol exists in two forms—free cholesterol, which is active in cellular functions, and esterified cholesterol, which is more stable and stored in the body. Excess free cholesterol, even in HDL, can contribute to heart disease."

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Through pre-clinical studies, the researchers discovered that HDL containing a high level of free cholesterol could be dysfunctional. To test their hypothesis, they are conducting the Houston Heart Study, which will examine 400 patients with varying plasma HDL concentrations. Dr. Pownall and Dr. Nasir are co-principal investigators for the study.

"Our most surprising finding so far is the strong link between the amount of free cholesterol in HDL and its accumulation in macrophages, a type of white blood cell that can contribute to heart disease," said Dr. Pownall.

While it was once believed that transferring free cholesterol to HDL was beneficial by removing excess cholesterol from tissues, their data suggests that in cases of high plasma HDL concentrations, the reverse may be true. The transfer of free cholesterol from HDL to white blood cells could actually increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

The research team aims to demonstrate that excessive free cholesterol in HDL correlates with higher cardiovascular disease risk. Their long-term goal is to develop new diagnostic tools and treatments to manage heart disease, using HDL-free cholesterol as a biomarker to identify patients who may benefit from HDL-lowering therapies.

"We expect to reach our initial goal within three years, as some drugs that affect free cholesterol are already known in pre-clinical models. If our tests support these findings, these therapies could be tested in humans," said Dr. Pownall. "If successful, we hope to apply these insights to patients clinically within six years."

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