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A team of botanists from Malaysia's Sabah Forestry Department's Forest Research Centre, in collaboration with colleagues from Australia, has identified a new species of giant pitcher plant in the ultramafic mountains of central Sabah, Borneo. Their findings were published in the Australian Journal of Botany. The paper outlines how the team came to discover the plant and what they observed during their expedition to the site where the plant had previously been sighted.
Giant pitcher plants are known for their large, bell-shaped pitchers and upright, narrow lids. These structures help the plant capture both rainfall and insects.
The research team followed up on reports of an unknown pitcher plant sighted in 2004 in the ultramafic mountains of Sabah, which had not been further investigated. Photographs taken by others in 2018 renewed interest in the site, prompting the team to visit in 2023 after delays caused by the pandemic.
Upon arrival, the researchers located the plant on the third day of their expedition in an area with a challenging landscape, consisting mainly of igneous boulders. The site appeared ideal for a rainwater-capturing plant due to the lack of other water sources in the region.
The team found that the plant had distinctive features, including unique leaves and a pitcher covered in long red hair, which closely resembled the color of the local orangutans. For this reason, they named the new species Nepenthes pongoides. Additionally, they discovered that the plant was exceptionally large. Subsequent research in the lab revealed that it is the largest pitcher plant species identified to date.
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During two separate expeditions, the team located 39 specimens, providing crucial data for their research. The findings also highlighted the plant's rarity and vulnerability, as poachers had already started harvesting the species.
Nepenthes pongoides is part of the Nepenthes genus, which includes more than 160 species. The new species is capable of growing up to 45 centimeters tall and can hold over two liters of water. |
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